Lesson 2 — Glottalized consonants

A consonant that has glottal stop right after it — or right before it in some cases — is said to be glottalized. The Chumash languages usually treat a glottalized consonant more like a single unit than as a sequence of consonant plus glottal stop. Glottalized consonants are very common in Samala.
Every Samala consonant except  h can be glottalized, and they can show up almost anywhere in the word.
at the beginning: abalone to breakto break
  antk    "friend"
  kot "to break, be broken"
  taya "abalone" taya kot
in the middle: to sit  
  heki "that, that one"  
  nani "too, also"  
  lkn "to sit" lkn  
at the end: turtle one world
  pakas "one"
  ikom "two"
  aq "turtle" aq pakas ha up

Words with more than one glottalized consonant
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Some words have more than one glottalized consonant.
cc "to be sharp" sharp, to be sharp mountain lion
  makak “to stammer, stutter”
  tukem “mountain lion”
  ay “scrub jay” cc tukem
  enememe “lizard species — tiny” jay
kind of tiny lizard
  xox
“heron”
  tk
 “tip”
      ay
enememe

Pairs of words where glottalization is the only difference
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Whether a consonant is glottalized or not may be the only difference between words that are identical otherwise.
kot “to break” to snore heron
  kot “soaproot”
  to “brother-in-law”
  to
 “mussel” xox xox
  xox “to snore” tip, point mother
  xox
“heron”
  tk
 “tip”
  tk “mother” tk tk

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